Even after half-a-century of Indian Independence, the fate of education, educators and students has hardly improved. The apathy of the power that be, including a large section of society, has not changed when it comes to human resource development and education. Even now there are more than four crore educated unemployed.
Some of the popular metals for fireworks include: Lithium, Rubidium, Strontium, Copper, Aluminium, Magnesium, Beryllium, Antimony, Titanium and many others. Burning these gives a wide variety of colors and makers of these products combine them based on the type of display they want. Below are specific examples of the different colors given by different elements.
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Red displays come from Lithium, Rubidium and Strontium. These metals give different intensities in color and some even play other roles. Lithium and Rubidium are metals in group one of the periodic table. Lithium gives a medium red color and is most useful, for this purpose in its carbonate form. Rubidium on the other hand gives a deep red/ violet-red flame and is also used to oxidize the mixtures in these explosives; without oxidation, they will not burn properly. Strontium burns with an intense red but it also has the job of stabilizing the elements used to make the fireworks.
Though it is a constitutional obligation, the non-availability of funds and vested administrative setup have led to the mushrooming of universities, fake campuses, private enterprises and numerous makeshift centers of education as also fly-by-air foreign campuses. It has proved to be a great financial endeavor with hardly any risk involved because it does not come under VAT or any other financial constraints. India has by now more institutions of such type than colleges, an excellent opportunity to rope in knowledge seeking youth and those who desire to fly off to greener pastures.
Students of various educational institutes go on strike, almost yearly, demanding withdrawal of excessive fee hike. The tuition fees make up only about 13 per cent of annual expenditure in the present university education. It is now a formidable industry and the aim is to make money. Poor students, however, intelligent they may be, cannot afford to join colleges, professional institutions or courses. They may join such courses by putting their families under heavy debt of banks or financial institutions. Even in the USA, tuition fees contribute to about 15 per cent of the total annual expenditure on higher education. Nehru said: If all is well with universities, it will be well with the nation. Whereas Rabindranath Tagore once compared educated classes in India to A second storey in an old building that was added in, but unfortunately the architect forgot to build a staircase between them.
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